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Some general physical characteristics
All transition elements are metals. Therefore they have the all the physical properties of metals such as:
✔ high melting and boiling points
✔ hard, high density
✔ high tensile strength
✔ high electrical conductivity
✔ shinny surfaces, ductile, malleable
✔ good conductor of heat
[Tensile strength]▷ the ability of metals to stay in their shape without breaking when a force is applied to it.
[Ductile]▷ the ability of metals to be stretched into wires without cracking or breaking them
[Malleable]▷ the ability of metals to be bent into a new shape.
High melting and boiling points
▶ Thus all the transition metals have high melting point and boiling point
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsPECMt2jd7nTo34rxXmE3j0AHzp1Gp33TtC_iv6DavuzjuvIm7_vGMW8bGPeuv-WEMXzAPhNc4rVa6CJCCLXjPF-zarsZG0yyrypDnMBtmemxsOp58DXnsK8x4ojUgINIU6ztjossXkQg/s400/Untitled_%25E5%2589%25AF%25E6%259C%25ACfddss.png)
Form coloured compounds and ions
Ions
|
Colour
|
Fe2+
|
Light green
|
Fe3+
|
Brown
|
Ni2+
|
Green
|
Cr3+
|
Green
|
Mn2+
|
Light pink
|
Cu2+
|
Blue
|
Co2+
|
Pink
|
MnO4-
|
Purple
|
CrO42-
|
Yellow
|
Cr2O72-
|
Orange
|
Catalytic properties
➷ Many transition metals are used directly as catalysts in industrial chemical processes.
Transition elements / its compound
|
Uses
|
Platinum
|
Ostwald Process in the manufacture of
nitric acid
|
Nickel
|
Catalyst for “hydrogenation” in the
margarine industry
|
Iron powder
|
Haber Process in the manufacture of
ammonia
|
Vanadium(V) oxide
|
Contact Process in the manufacture of
sulphuric acid
|
Variable oxidation state
✎ for example, iron(II), Fe2+ and iron(III), Fe3+ , copper(I), Cu+ and copper(II), Cu2+
Forming a complex ions
◆ A complex ion is a polyatomic ions (positive or negative) consisting of a central metal ion with other group bonded to it.
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人,要学会聆听,听智者之言可以启迪智慧,听批评之言可以反躬自省。
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